Fast weight loss and no diet? This is a sign of these 6 diseases.
How to lose weight quickly?
Get on the scale and realize that some weights have been eliminated effortlessly. This is a dream for many people. However, in fact, it can be a sign that something is not going well in the body and indicate some disease.
How do you know if the pounds are going away quickly and the body needs attention? Initially, it is necessary to notice if between one to three months the person lost more than 5% of their weight without having changed their diet or increased their physical activity. From there, identify other symptoms, such as weakness, hair loss, dizziness, tremors, fast heartbeat, sweating, feeling very thirsty, urinating too much, alteration in the pattern of stools, among others.
If any of these signs appear along with rapid weight loss, the ideal is to seek the help of a doctor to identify if there is no health problem, such as the six we have listed below …
1- Hyperthyroidism
It occurs when the thyroid produces excess thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which are responsible for regulating metabolism. In hyperthyroidism, excess hormone can lead to increased caloric expenditure, tremors, irritability and rapid weight loss.
The disease is diagnosed by means of blood tests that point to elevated thyroid hormones and low TSH (hormone produced by the pituitary gland, a gland located in the brain that controls thyroid function). After hyperthyroidism is detected, it is necessary to discover its cause, which in most cases is called Graves’ disease. In it, in addition to losing weight, the patient may have changes in the eyes, which are more “bulged”. Other possible causes of hyperthyroidism are nodules or inflammation of the thyroid.
Treatment, of course, depends on the cause of the problem, but it is usually done with medication, administration of radioactive iodine or, in some cases, surgery. The treatment, whatever it may be, will end rapid weight loss.
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2- Diabetes
There are several types of diabetes, the most common are 1, 2 and gestational. The disease, regardless of its type, occurs due to the lack, deficiency or resistance of the action of insulin, which is a hormone responsible for bringing energy (glucose) into the cell. Without being able to use glucose as a “fuel”, cells begin to use body fat as an energy source, which leads to decompensated weight loss.
The diagnosis of diabetes is made by measuring blood glucose. When the disease is detected, treatment will initially focus on balancing the blood glucose level, using oral or injectable drugs that stimulate or facilitate the action of insulin and change in habits (diet and exercise), depending on the type of diabetes and each patient, of course.
3- Cancer
The disease alone can lead to a reduction of pounds on the scale. However, this is more common when the cancer is in an advanced or metastatic stage (it has already reached other parts of the body), or when the tumor is located in the lung, head and neck or in the gastrointestinal tract, as in stomach cancer, pancreas and esophagus.
Rapid weight loss, in the case of advanced and metastatic stages, occurs because in this situation the tumor releases substances called pro-inflammatory cytokines, which increase the energy expenditure of the body and the loss of muscle mass, in addition to stimulating early satiety and anorexia, in which the patient is not hungry or willing to eat.
When the person is diagnosed with head and neck cancer, the chewing and swallowing process may be altered due to the location of the tumor, causing the patient to consume more pasty foods or even liquids that provide less energy and protein needed to the day.
Patients with cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract, mainly esophagus and stomach, also present weight loss due to the tumor’s own location, which, if it is in the esophagus, can make it difficult for food to pass. In the stomach, early satiety can happen, which leads the individual to consume less food.
Treatment with dietary supplements and a balanced and balanced diet can help decrease weight loss related to the disease in an advanced stage, as well as due to chemotherapy, immunotherapy or so-called target therapies, which can reduce a person’s weight. In cases where there is mechanical obstruction of the digestive tract or oral cavity, some procedures with prosthesis or local palliative radiotherapy can also help facilitate the passage of food.
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4- Problems in the intestinal region
Lactose intolerance, celiac disease and inflammatory diseases, such as irritable bowel or colon syndrome, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are the most common problems that can lead to rapid weight loss. Many of these conditions are usually accompanied by diarrhea, which makes the body unable to absorb enough nutrients needed, which leads to an energy deficit. Pain, bloating, and fever are also symptoms of some of these conditions.
Tests for diagnosis and treatment obviously vary depending on the disease. Among the main solutions are changes in the menu — with restrictions on the nutrients that cause the problem (lactose, gluten, fats, etc.), carbonated drinks, condiments -; stress reduction, use of anti-inflammatory drugs and surgery.
5- Depression
The problem, which affects 350 million people worldwide, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), can cause loss or increase in appetite, difficulty in performing daily tasks, feelings of helplessness and guilt and, in more serious cases, even thoughts and suicide attempts.
The diagnosis of depression is clinical, that is, it does not require exams, based on the set of signs presented by the person. The main symptoms that indicate the condition of depression are changes in mood — which can be characterized by feelings of sadness and anguish almost every day -, loss of the ability to feel pleasure in things, change in appetite with consequent change in weight, changes sleep and difficulty in the ability to make decisions.
Treatment depends on the severity. Mild depression, for example, can be treated with psychotherapy and physical activity. From moderate depressions, it may be necessary to use drugs that act on the central nervous system, such as antidepressants, which act in the regulation of neurotransmitters (serotonin and norepinephrine). As the patient improves, which occurs within a few weeks of starting treatment, the symptoms of the disease improve as a whole, including appetite.
6- Diseases caused by worms
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Some specific types of parasites, such as ascariasis, amebiasis and giardia, cause an infectious process in the body that results in gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea. These symptoms impair the absorption of nutrients and consume a lot of energy in the body, which leads to weight loss.
The diagnosis is made first by means of the patient’s medical history, then laboratory tests of the stool are carried out to arrive at exactly the precise result. Treatment involves, in most cases, the use of anti-worms remedies that eliminate parasites from the body and contribute to the process of regaining normal weight.
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